[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":608},["Reactive",2],{"options:asyncdata:$ogpPUTwkW6:/p/norma-juridica:0":3},{"page":4,"book":26,"news":602,"questionSent":19,"questions":603,"formData":604,"attachments":23,"chartData":23,"pending":19,"chartOptions":605,"afspec":19,"aflink":607},{"id":5,"book_id":6,"chapter_id":7,"name":8,"slug":9,"html":10,"priority":11,"created_at":12,"updated_at":13,"created_by":14,"updated_by":18,"draft":19,"markdown":20,"revision_count":21,"template":19,"owned_by":22,"editor":20,"trends":23,"raw_html":24,"tags":25},4019,10,0,"Norma jurídica","norma-juridica","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-una-norma-jur%C3%ADdica-e\">Una \u003Cstrong>norma jurídica\u003C/strong> es una regla de conducta que forma de un ordenamiento jurídico, que impone obligaciones o atribuye facultades, y que tiene carácter imperativo y generalmente coactivo dictada por una unidad política y aplicada por la una autoridad competente. El conjnuto de normas jurídicas en un ordenamiento jurídico concreto conforma el \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/derecho-positivo\">derecho positivo\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>. \u003Cbr>\u003C/p>",107,"2026-02-20T14:45:42.000000Z","2026-03-21T06:38:22.000000Z",{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},1,"Admin","admin",{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},false,"",2,{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},null,"\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-una-norma-jur%C3%ADdica-e\">Una \u003Cstrong>norma jurídica\u003C/strong> es una regla de conducta que forma de un ordenamiento jurídico, que impone obligaciones o atribuye facultades, y que tiene carácter imperativo y generalmente coactivo dictada por una unidad política y aplicada por la una autoridad competente. El conjnuto de normas jurídicas en un ordenamiento jurídico concreto conforma el \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/derecho-positivo\">derecho positivo\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>. \u003Cbr>\u003C/p>",[],{"id":6,"name":27,"slug":28,"description":20,"created_at":29,"updated_at":30,"created_by":15,"updated_by":15,"owned_by":15,"default_template_id":23,"pages":31,"index":62,"shelves":595},"Derecho general","derecho-general","2023-05-07T12:05:40.000000Z","2023-05-07T17:05:21.000000Z",[32,37,42,47,52,57],{"id":33,"name":34,"slug":35,"html":36},1008,"Verdad de los hechos","verdad-de-los-hechos","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-verdad-de-los-hechos\">\u003Cstrong>Verdad de los hechos\u003C/strong> es un concepto, basada en la figura retórica del pleonasmo, que subraya y hace referencia a la fuerza de la evidencia que suponen los hechos, lo realmente y positivamente acaecido, como forma de argumentación y conocimiento sobre un asunto. Se ha discutido especialmente en derecho, como uno de las bases sobre las que se sustenta el fallo judicial, junto con el proceso justo y la correcta aplicación de la normal por parte del juez o tribunal.\u003C/p>",{"id":38,"name":39,"slug":40,"html":41},229,"Prestación de servicios","prestacion-de-servicios","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-la-prestaci%C3%B3n-de-ser\">La \u003Cstrong>prestación de servicios\u003C/strong> es el desarrollo de tareas para terceros de modo que estas se ejecutan y se consumen al mismo tiempo por sus beneficiarios, con un resultado intangible pero de modo que satisface necesidades, crea bienestar o incrementa el valor de los activos sobre los que actúa. Son ejemplos de prestación de servicios la limpieza de unas instalaciones, la atención sanitaria, unas clases de inglés o la reparación de una máquina. La prestación de servicios se da entre agentes privados, con un prestador de servicios, que presta los servicios, y un prestatario, que los recibe, a cambio de una remuneración, o  desde la administración pública, como servicio público.\u003C/p>",{"id":43,"name":44,"slug":45,"html":46},64,"Territorio común (territorio de régimen común)","territorio-comun-territorio-de-regimen-comun","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-en-relaci%C3%B3n-a-la-tri\">En relación a la tributación en España, el \u003Cstrong>territorio de régimen común o territorio común\u003C/strong> hace referencia a aquel territorio donde no imperan las normas propias y especiales de un territorio foral, y por tanto imperan las normas estatales, sean estas diversas o no. Este concepto de territorio común es relevante principalmente a la hora de establecer donde debe tributar la empresa, dependiendo de la cuantia de su facturación y donde la realiza. Por ejemplo, para una empresa con domicilio fiscal en Navarra, el territorio común sería aquel situado fuera de la Comunidad Foral Navarra, incluyendo (y esto es importante) el País Vasco, a pesar de ser este también un territorio foral con Hacienda propia.\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-por-otro-lado%C2%A0-y-en-\">Por otro lado  y en relación a la Unión Europea, el \u003Cstrong>territorio común\u003C/strong> es aquel formado por los países con libre circulación de mercancías, sin que estas tengan que pagar aranceles, y contrapuesto a los paises fuera de ese territorio, con los cuales el comercio internacional sí que está sujeto a aranceles.\u003C/p>",{"id":48,"name":49,"slug":50,"html":51},918,"Bienes comunales","bienes-comunales","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-los-bienes-comunales\">Los \u003Cstrong>bienes comunales\u003C/strong> son aquellos que pertenecen a una comunidad política natural o  reconocida jurídicamente y cuyos derechos de propiedad y aprovechamiento corresponden por tanto colectivamente a cada uno de los miembros de dicha comunidad, sin que cada de ellos se pueda apropiar o utilizar exclusivamente de esos bienes. Generalmente los bienes comunales corresponden a pastos, bosques, minas, ríos y manantiales de agua y edificios públicos.\u003C/p>",{"id":53,"name":54,"slug":55,"html":56},2550,"Ejecución forzosa","ejecucion-forzosa","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-la-ejecuci%C3%B3n-forzosa\">La \u003Cstrong>ejecución forzosa\u003C/strong> es la imposición o realización obligada de una sentencia jundicial o de un acto administrativo pese a la oposición o resistencia de la persona obligada al cumplimiento de aquellos. Puede realizarse a través de diferentes medios basados generalmente en la coacción siendo estos,  el apremio por el patrimonio, la ejecución subsidiraria, la multa, la compulsión oo uso de la fuerza sobre las personas y el desahucio.\u003C/p>",{"id":58,"name":59,"slug":60,"html":61},3714,"Parientes colaterales","parientes-colaterales","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-un-pariente-colatera\">Un \u003Cstrong>pariente colateral \u003C/strong>es aquel tiene un antepasado común respecto de otro, aunque sin descender directamente de él. Por ejemplo son parientes colaterales, tíos y primos, de los que uno no desciende pero tienen como antepasado común los abuelos. \u003Cbr>\u003C/p>",{"":63},[64,68,69,74,79,81,86,91,96,101,105,110,115,119,124,129,134,139,144,149,154,159,161,166,171,173,178,183,188,193,198,203,208,213,218,223,227,232,237,242,247,252,257,262,267,272,277,282,287,292,297,302,307,312,317,322,327,332,337,342,347,352,357,361,366,371,376,381,386,391,396,401,406,411,416,418,423,428,433,438,443,448,453,458,463,468,473,478,483,488,493,498,503,508,513,518,522,527,532,537,539,544,549,554,559,564,565,570,575,580,585,590],{"id":65,"name":66,"slug":67,"priority":15,"chapter_name":23},13,"Laboralización","laboralizacion",{"id":43,"name":44,"slug":45,"priority":21,"chapter_name":23},{"id":70,"name":71,"slug":72,"priority":73,"chapter_name":23},97,"Critical Legal Studies","critical-legal-studies",3,{"id":75,"name":76,"slug":77,"priority":78,"chapter_name":23},205,"Bien jurídico","bien-juridico",4,{"id":38,"name":39,"slug":40,"priority":80,"chapter_name":23},5,{"id":82,"name":83,"slug":84,"priority":85,"chapter_name":23},238,"Actos vulneratorios","actos-vulneratorios",6,{"id":87,"name":88,"slug":89,"priority":90,"chapter_name":23},242,"Conducta punible","conducta-punible",7,{"id":92,"name":93,"slug":94,"priority":95,"chapter_name":23},452,"Claúsula de supremacía","clausula-de-supremacia",8,{"id":97,"name":98,"slug":99,"priority":100,"chapter_name":23},477,"Trato vejatorio","trato-vejatorio",9,{"id":102,"name":103,"slug":104,"priority":6,"chapter_name":23},479,"Gastos de formalización","gastos-de-formalizacion",{"id":106,"name":107,"slug":108,"priority":109,"chapter_name":23},535,"Abuso de derecho","abuso-de-derecho",11,{"id":111,"name":112,"slug":113,"priority":114,"chapter_name":23},552,"Hecho imponible","hecho-imponible",12,{"id":116,"name":117,"slug":118,"priority":65,"chapter_name":23},607,"Igualdad jurídica","igualdad-juridica",{"id":120,"name":121,"slug":122,"priority":123,"chapter_name":23},620,"Conducta típica (tipicidad)","conducta-tipica-tipicidad",14,{"id":125,"name":126,"slug":127,"priority":128,"chapter_name":23},680,"Sistema jurídico","sistema-juridico",15,{"id":130,"name":131,"slug":132,"priority":133,"chapter_name":23},735,"Delito por omisión","delito-por-omision",16,{"id":135,"name":136,"slug":137,"priority":138,"chapter_name":23},738,"Apropiación indebida","apropiacion-indebida",17,{"id":140,"name":141,"slug":142,"priority":143,"chapter_name":23},807,"Eficacia jurídica","eficacia-juridica",18,{"id":145,"name":146,"slug":147,"priority":148,"chapter_name":23},808,"Opinio juris sive 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punitiva)","punitivismo-justicia-punitiva",{"id":228,"name":229,"slug":230,"priority":231,"chapter_name":23},1553,"Despenalización (descriminalización)","despenalizacion-descriminalizacion",37,{"id":233,"name":234,"slug":235,"priority":236,"chapter_name":23},1626,"Medios de ejecución forzosa","medios-de-ejecucion-forzosa",38,{"id":238,"name":239,"slug":240,"priority":241,"chapter_name":23},1633,"Injurias recíprocas","injurias-reciprocas",39,{"id":243,"name":244,"slug":245,"priority":246,"chapter_name":23},1635,"Exceptio veritatis (prueba de la verdad de las imputaciones)","exceptio-veritatis-prueba-de-la-verdad-de-las-imputaciones",40,{"id":248,"name":249,"slug":250,"priority":251,"chapter_name":23},1647,"Conducta dañosa","conducta-danosa",41,{"id":253,"name":254,"slug":255,"priority":256,"chapter_name":23},1695,"Facta non praesumuntur sed probantur","facta-non-praesumuntur-sed-probantur",42,{"id":258,"name":259,"slug":260,"priority":261,"chapter_name":23},1705,"Seguridad jurídica","seguridad-juridica",43,{"id":263,"name":264,"slug":265,"priority":266,"chapter_name":23},1765,"Préstamo con garantía","prestamo-con-garantia",45,{"id":268,"name":269,"slug":270,"priority":271,"chapter_name":23},1791,"Derecho positivo","derecho-positivo",46,{"id":273,"name":274,"slug":275,"priority":276,"chapter_name":23},1849,"Justicia retributiva","justicia-retributiva",47,{"id":278,"name":279,"slug":280,"priority":281,"chapter_name":23},1850,"Justicia restaurativa","justicia-restaurativa",48,{"id":283,"name":284,"slug":285,"priority":286,"chapter_name":23},1856,"Despatrimonialización (derecho civil)","despatrimonializacion-derecho-civil",49,{"id":288,"name":289,"slug":290,"priority":291,"chapter_name":23},1865,"Derechos de cobro","derechos-de-cobro",50,{"id":293,"name":294,"slug":295,"priority":296,"chapter_name":23},1879,"Juridicidad","juridicidad",51,{"id":298,"name":299,"slug":300,"priority":301,"chapter_name":23},1952,"Juicio sumarísimo","juicio-sumarisimo",52,{"id":303,"name":304,"slug":305,"priority":306,"chapter_name":23},1953,"Hipoteca naval","hipoteca-naval",53,{"id":308,"name":309,"slug":310,"priority":311,"chapter_name":23},1972,"Justicia atributiva","justicia-atributiva",54,{"id":313,"name":314,"slug":315,"priority":316,"chapter_name":23},2085,"Macrocausa","macrocausa",55,{"id":318,"name":319,"slug":320,"priority":321,"chapter_name":23},2131,"Benevolencia","benevolencia",56,{"id":323,"name":324,"slug":325,"priority":326,"chapter_name":23},2144,"Estado civil","estado-civil",57,{"id":328,"name":329,"slug":330,"priority":331,"chapter_name":23},2194,"Concurso de acreedores","concurso-de-acreedores",58,{"id":333,"name":334,"slug":335,"priority":336,"chapter_name":23},2212,"Sujeto de derechos","sujeto-de-derechos",59,{"id":338,"name":339,"slug":340,"priority":341,"chapter_name":23},2213,"Sujeto del Derecho","sujeto-del-derecho",60,{"id":343,"name":344,"slug":345,"priority":346,"chapter_name":23},2317,"Objeto material y objeto formal del derecho","objeto-material-y-objeto-formal-del-derecho",61,{"id":348,"name":349,"slug":350,"priority":351,"chapter_name":23},2328,"Culpa inexcusable","culpa-inexcusable",62,{"id":353,"name":354,"slug":355,"priority":356,"chapter_name":23},2369,"Razón social","razon-social",63,{"id":358,"name":359,"slug":360,"priority":43,"chapter_name":23},2374,"Propiedad privada","propiedad-privada",{"id":362,"name":363,"slug":364,"priority":365,"chapter_name":23},2394,"Enajenación (derecho y ciencias jurídicas)","enajenacion-derecho-y-ciencias-juridicas",65,{"id":367,"name":368,"slug":369,"priority":370,"chapter_name":23},2396,"Connivencia","connivencia",66,{"id":372,"name":373,"slug":374,"priority":375,"chapter_name":23},2422,"Territorio flotante","territorio-flotante",67,{"id":377,"name":378,"slug":379,"priority":380,"chapter_name":23},2447,"Prueba pericial (informe pericial, peritaje)","prueba-pericial-informe-pericial-peritaje",68,{"id":382,"name":383,"slug":384,"priority":385,"chapter_name":23},2452,"Dominio útil y dominio directo","dominio-util-y-dominio-directo",69,{"id":387,"name":388,"slug":389,"priority":390,"chapter_name":23},2461,"Bienes propios (bienes privativos)","bienes-propios-bienes-privativos",70,{"id":392,"name":393,"slug":394,"priority":395,"chapter_name":23},2505,"Derecho procesal","derecho-procesal",71,{"id":397,"name":398,"slug":399,"priority":400,"chapter_name":23},2509,"Ratione materiae","ratione-materiae",72,{"id":402,"name":403,"slug":404,"priority":405,"chapter_name":23},2510,"Ratione personae","ratione-personae",73,{"id":407,"name":408,"slug":409,"priority":410,"chapter_name":23},2529,"Jurisdicción","jurisdiccion",74,{"id":412,"name":413,"slug":414,"priority":415,"chapter_name":23},2536,"Leyes 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jurídica","equidad-juridica",91,{"id":494,"name":495,"slug":496,"priority":497,"chapter_name":23},3246,"Igualdad legal (igualdad formal)","igualdad-legal-igualdad-formal",92,{"id":499,"name":500,"slug":501,"priority":502,"chapter_name":23},3365,"Consideraciones jurídicas","consideraciones-juridicas",93,{"id":504,"name":505,"slug":506,"priority":507,"chapter_name":23},3412,"Patrimonio personal (patrimonio individual)","patrimonio-personal-patrimonio-individual",94,{"id":509,"name":510,"slug":511,"priority":512,"chapter_name":23},3417,"Principio de juicio previo","principio-de-juicio-previo",95,{"id":514,"name":515,"slug":516,"priority":517,"chapter_name":23},3487,"A título oneroso","a-titulo-oneroso",96,{"id":519,"name":520,"slug":521,"priority":70,"chapter_name":23},3504,"Solidaridad jurídica","solidaridad-juridica",{"id":523,"name":524,"slug":525,"priority":526,"chapter_name":23},3574,"Igualdad ante la la 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