[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":671},["Reactive",2],{"options:asyncdata:$ogpPUTwkW6:/p/escolaridad:0":3},{"page":4,"book":26,"news":665,"questionSent":19,"questions":666,"formData":667,"attachments":23,"chartData":23,"pending":19,"chartOptions":668,"afspec":19,"aflink":670},{"id":5,"book_id":6,"chapter_id":7,"name":8,"slug":9,"html":10,"priority":11,"created_at":12,"updated_at":13,"created_by":14,"updated_by":18,"draft":19,"markdown":20,"revision_count":21,"template":19,"owned_by":22,"editor":20,"trends":23,"raw_html":24,"tags":25},4086,21,0,"Escolaridad","escolaridad","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-escolaridad-es-el-ni\">\u003Cstrong>Escolaridad\u003C/strong> es el \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/nivel-educativo\">nivel educativo\u003C/a>\u003C/strong> alcanzado por una persona es la formación reglada de un sistema educativo, pudiendo hacer referencia también al número de años de formación recibida por una persona. \u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-puede-interesarte-ta\">\u003Cstrong>Puede interesarte también\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cul id=\"bkmrk-escolarizaci%C3%B3n\">\r\n\u003Cli class=\"null\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/escolarizacion\">\u003Cstrong>Escolarización\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\r\n\u003C/ul>",123,"2026-03-07T16:04:50.000000Z","2026-03-07T16:08:38.000000Z",{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},1,"Admin","admin",{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},false,"",2,{"id":15,"name":16,"slug":17},null,"\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-escolaridad-es-el-ni\">\u003Cstrong>Escolaridad\u003C/strong> es el \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/nivel-educativo\">nivel educativo\u003C/a>\u003C/strong> alcanzado por una persona es la formación reglada de un sistema educativo, pudiendo hacer referencia también al número de años de formación recibida por una persona. \u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-puede-interesarte-ta\">\u003Cstrong>Puede interesarte también\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cul id=\"bkmrk-escolarizaci%C3%B3n\">\r\n\u003Cli class=\"null\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/escolarizacion\">\u003Cstrong>Escolarización\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\r\n\u003C/ul>",[],{"id":6,"name":27,"slug":28,"description":20,"created_at":29,"updated_at":29,"created_by":15,"updated_by":15,"owned_by":15,"default_template_id":23,"pages":30,"index":61,"shelves":658},"Educación general","educacion-general","2023-05-18T08:28:28.000000Z",[31,36,41,46,51,56],{"id":32,"name":33,"slug":34,"html":35},1210,"Conocimientos previos (constructivismo)","conocimientos-previos-constructivismo","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-en-la-teor%C3%ADa-constru\">En la teoría constructivista del aprendizaje significativo, desarrollada sobre todo por el psicólogo norteamericano Davis Ausubel (1918-2008), los \u003Cstrong>conocimientos previos\u003C/strong> forman la base sobre la que se construye el \u003Cstrong>esquema cognitivo\u003C/strong> de un sujeto. Estos conocimientos previos son los elementos cognitivos y de información que el sujeto ha ido relacionando e integrando, a partir de las expriencias pasadas, y constituyen el andamiaje fundamental sobre el que se construirá su conocimiento futuro a través de  nuevas experiencias, siempre que resulten significativas para el individuo de forma que las pueda integrar y adaptar  a aquellos conocimientos previos.\u003C/p>",{"id":37,"name":38,"slug":39,"html":40},1874,"Aprendizaje deductivo","aprendizaje-deductivo","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-aprendizaje-deductiv\">\u003Cstrong>Aprendizaje deductivo\u003C/strong> es un concepto utilizado en la enseñanza de las lenguas que hace referencia al modo de aprendizaje en el que se enseña al alumno unas reglas lingüísticas y este va asmilándolas través del ejemplo o la práctica. Es, por tanto, el tipo de aprendizaje que va de una regla general a un uso concreto, frente al al aprendizaje inductivo, que va de lo concreto a lo general o establecimiento de la regla. \u003C/p>",{"id":42,"name":43,"slug":44,"html":45},490,"Adoctrinamiento","adoctrinamiento","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-adoctrinamiento-es-u\">\u003Cstrong>Adoctrinamiento\u003C/strong> es una técnica de dominación que consiste en despojar al individuo de todo razonamiento crítico y libertad de pensamiento para inculcarle una visión del mundo cerrada en base a los preceptos establecidos dentro de una doctrina, cerrando la puerta a visiones alternativas del mundo. Ha sido y es una práctica común en sociedades religiosas y régimenes políticos totalitarios y se pone en práctica sobre todo a través del sistema educativo y los medios de comunicación.\u003C/p>",{"id":47,"name":48,"slug":49,"html":50},3406,"Competencia discursiva","competencia-discursiva","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-la-competencia-discu\">La c\u003Cstrong>ompetencia discursiva\u003C/strong> es una de las dimensiones de la competencia comunicativa, junto con la competencia lingüística, relacionada estrictamente con el conocimiento de la lengua, la competencia sociolingüística y la competencia estratégica. Hace referencia a la capacidad que tiene un sujeto de desenvolverse y conformar y emitir discursos en las diferentes situaciones de comunicación que se pueden plantear en la vida diaria, requiriendo para ello al mismo tiempo el resto de competencias incluidas en la competencia comunicativa.\u003C/p>",{"id":52,"name":53,"slug":54,"html":55},2603,"Aula invertida","aula-invertida","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-el-aula-invertida-%28e\">El \u003Cstrong>aula invertida\u003C/strong> (en inglés, \u003Cem>flipped classroom\u003C/em>) es un modelo de aula que \u003Cem>invierte\u003C/em> el esquema tradicional de transmisión de contenidos en clase de la mano del profesor, especialmente aquel que proporciona conocimientos en clase para luego desarrollarlos en casa haciendo los tradicionales deberes, y que alternativamente propone un modelo de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el que el alumno busca información y aprende previamente en casa, para posteriormente desarrollar de forma práctica dichos contenidos de forma práctica en el aula, de forma significativa y a través de metodologías activas, \u003Cem>invertiendo \u003C/em>asimismo el rol del profesor que pasa a ser un transmisor a ser un mero guía del proceso. La metodología del aula invertida se desarrolló en 2007 cuando los profesores Jonathan Bergmann y Aaron Sams prepararon material para los alumnos que perdían sus clases con la intención de llegar a todos los alumnos. Publicaron su experiencia en 2012 en el libro \u003Cem>Flip your Classroom: Reach Every Student in Every Class Every Day.\u003C/em>\u003C/p>",{"id":57,"name":58,"slug":59,"html":60},1826,"Campamento educativo","campamento-educativo","\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-\">\u003Ca href=\"https://es.gizapedia.org/uploads/images/gallery/2024-03/H6ywTdlqELjgSfyy-udaleku-donostia-0011.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003Cimg src=\"https://es.gizapedia.org/uploads/images/gallery/2024-03/scaled-1680-/H6ywTdlqELjgSfyy-udaleku-donostia-0011.jpeg\" alt=\"Udaleku_donostia_001(1).jpeg\" width=\"416\" height=\"312\">\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-imagen%3A-campamento-i\">\u003Cem>Imagen: Campamento infantil en Donostia- San Sebastián, julio de 2011. \u003C/em>\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-un-campamento-educat\">Un \u003Cstrong>campamento educativo, campamento infantil o juvenil o campamento de verano\u003C/strong> es una iniciativa de carácter educativo y social en la que se reúne un grupo de niños o jóvenes que conviven a lo largo de varios días para realizar diferentes actividades educativas y de ocio, alternando clases, deportes, juegos y excursiones. Generalmente se realizan fuera del periodo escolar, aprovechando las vacaciones de verano. Los niños y jóvenes que se reúnen pueden pertenecer a una asociación, club, ser del mismo pueblo o barrio o no conocerse en absoluto. \u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cp id=\"bkmrk-puede-interesarte-ta\">\u003Cstrong>Puede interesarte también\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\r\n\u003Cul id=\"bkmrk-deporte-comunitario\">\r\n\u003Cli class=\"null\">\u003Ca href=\"https://ikusmira.org/p/deporte-comunitario\">\u003Cstrong>Deporte comunitario\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\r\n\u003C/ul>",{"":62},[63,67,72,77,82,87,92,97,102,107,112,117,122,127,132,137,142,144,149,153,158,162,167,172,177,182,187,192,197,202,207,212,217,219,224,229,234,239,244,249,254,259,264,268,273,278,283,288,293,298,303,308,313,318,323,328,333,338,343,345,350,355,357,362,367,372,377,382,387,392,397,402,407,412,417,422,427,432,437,442,447,452,457,459,464,469,473,478,483,488,493,498,503,508,513,518,523,528,533,538,543,548,553,557,562,564,569,574,579,584,589,594,599,604,609,614,619,624,629,633,638,643,647,652,653],{"id":64,"name":65,"slug":66,"priority":21,"chapter_name":23},86,"Escuela privada","escuela-privada",{"id":68,"name":69,"slug":70,"priority":71,"chapter_name":23},121,"Modelo pedagógico","modelo-pedagogico",3,{"id":73,"name":74,"slug":75,"priority":76,"chapter_name":23},165,"Educación religiosa","educacion-religiosa",4,{"id":78,"name":79,"slug":80,"priority":81,"chapter_name":23},230,"Pedagogía crítica","pedagogia-critica",5,{"id":83,"name":84,"slug":85,"priority":86,"chapter_name":23},257,"Evaluación educativa","evaluacion-educativa",6,{"id":88,"name":89,"slug":90,"priority":91,"chapter_name":23},260,"Evaluación criterial","evaluacion-criterial",7,{"id":93,"name":94,"slug":95,"priority":96,"chapter_name":23},261,"Evaluación diferenciada","evaluacion-diferenciada",8,{"id":98,"name":99,"slug":100,"priority":101,"chapter_name":23},263,"Evaluación normativa","evaluacion-normativa",9,{"id":103,"name":104,"slug":105,"priority":106,"chapter_name":23},264,"Adaptaciones curriculares","adaptaciones-curriculares",10,{"id":108,"name":109,"slug":110,"priority":111,"chapter_name":23},285,"Contenidos procedimentales","contenidos-procedimentales",11,{"id":113,"name":114,"slug":115,"priority":116,"chapter_name":23},297,"Ambiente de aprendizaje","ambiente-de-aprendizaje",12,{"id":118,"name":119,"slug":120,"priority":121,"chapter_name":23},298,"Situaciones de aprendizaje","situaciones-de-aprendizaje",13,{"id":123,"name":124,"slug":125,"priority":126,"chapter_name":23},315,"Evaluación sistemática","evaluacion-sistematica",14,{"id":128,"name":129,"slug":130,"priority":131,"chapter_name":23},460,"Campo de estudio de la pedagogía","campo-de-estudio-de-la-pedagogia",15,{"id":133,"name":134,"slug":135,"priority":136,"chapter_name":23},488,"Escala de apreciación","escala-de-apreciacion",16,{"id":138,"name":139,"slug":140,"priority":141,"chapter_name":23},489,"Psicodidáctica","psicodidactica",17,{"id":42,"name":43,"slug":44,"priority":143,"chapter_name":23},18,{"id":145,"name":146,"slug":147,"priority":148,"chapter_name":23},604,"Igualdad de oportunidades en educación","igualdad-de-oportunidades-en-educacion",19,{"id":150,"name":151,"slug":152,"priority":148,"chapter_name":23},782,"Memoria final","memoria-final",{"id":154,"name":155,"slug":156,"priority":157,"chapter_name":23},606,"Desigualdad vertical y desigualdad horizontal en educación","desigualdad-vertical-y-desigualdad-horizontal-en-educacion",20,{"id":159,"name":160,"slug":161,"priority":6,"chapter_name":23},646,"Persona autónoma","persona-autonoma",{"id":163,"name":164,"slug":165,"priority":166,"chapter_name":23},740,"Evaluación integral","evaluacion-integral",22,{"id":168,"name":169,"slug":170,"priority":171,"chapter_name":23},778,"Coevaluación","coevaluacion",23,{"id":173,"name":174,"slug":175,"priority":176,"chapter_name":23},817,"Rol docente (según Juan Carlos Tedesco)","rol-docente-segun-juan-carlos-tedesco",24,{"id":178,"name":179,"slug":180,"priority":181,"chapter_name":23},831,"Escuela pública","escuela-publica",25,{"id":183,"name":184,"slug":185,"priority":186,"chapter_name":23},832,"Institución educativa","institucion-educativa",26,{"id":188,"name":189,"slug":190,"priority":191,"chapter_name":23},844,"Escuela concertada (educación concertada)","escuela-concertada-educacion-concertada",27,{"id":193,"name":194,"slug":195,"priority":196,"chapter_name":23},963,"Currículo oculto (curriculum oculto)","curriculo-oculto-curriculum-oculto",28,{"id":198,"name":199,"slug":200,"priority":201,"chapter_name":23},984,"Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA)","diseno-universal-para-el-aprendizaje-dua",29,{"id":203,"name":204,"slug":205,"priority":206,"chapter_name":23},985,"Proyecto de aprendizaje","proyecto-de-aprendizaje",30,{"id":208,"name":209,"slug":210,"priority":211,"chapter_name":23},997,"Entrenamiento de habilidades","entrenamiento-de-habilidades",31,{"id":213,"name":214,"slug":215,"priority":216,"chapter_name":23},1145,"Intervención educativa","intervencion-educativa",32,{"id":32,"name":33,"slug":34,"priority":218,"chapter_name":23},33,{"id":220,"name":221,"slug":222,"priority":223,"chapter_name":23},1233,"Estándares educativos","estandares-educativos",34,{"id":225,"name":226,"slug":227,"priority":228,"chapter_name":23},1238,"Reformas educativas","reformas-educativas",35,{"id":230,"name":231,"slug":232,"priority":233,"chapter_name":23},1240,"Indicadores de evaluación educativa","indicadores-de-evaluacion-educativa",36,{"id":235,"name":236,"slug":237,"priority":238,"chapter_name":23},1255,"Actividades extraescolares y actividades extracurriculares","actividades-extraescolares-y-actividades-extracurriculares",37,{"id":240,"name":241,"slug":242,"priority":243,"chapter_name":23},1295,"Incultura","incultura",38,{"id":245,"name":246,"slug":247,"priority":248,"chapter_name":23},1330,"Comunidad educativa (comunidad escolar)","comunidad-educativa-comunidad-escolar",39,{"id":250,"name":251,"slug":252,"priority":253,"chapter_name":23},1332,"Programación didáctica","programacion-didactica",40,{"id":255,"name":256,"slug":257,"priority":258,"chapter_name":23},1353,"Bloque temático","bloque-tematico",41,{"id":260,"name":261,"slug":262,"priority":263,"chapter_name":23},1372,"Paradigma indagador","paradigma-indagador",42,{"id":265,"name":155,"slug":266,"priority":267,"chapter_name":23},1420,"desigualdad-vertical-y-desigualdad-horizontal-en-educacion-kbq",43,{"id":269,"name":270,"slug":271,"priority":272,"chapter_name":23},1423,"Microcredenciales","microcredenciales",44,{"id":274,"name":275,"slug":276,"priority":277,"chapter_name":23},1479,"Aulas específicas","aulas-especificas",45,{"id":279,"name":280,"slug":281,"priority":282,"chapter_name":23},1480,"Centros específicos de educación especial","centros-especificos-de-educacion-especial",46,{"id":284,"name":285,"slug":286,"priority":287,"chapter_name":23},1551,"Escuela laica (educación laica)","escuela-laica-educacion-laica",47,{"id":289,"name":290,"slug":291,"priority":292,"chapter_name":23},1557,"Práctica docente","practica-docente",48,{"id":294,"name":295,"slug":296,"priority":297,"chapter_name":23},1597,"Universidad","universidad",49,{"id":299,"name":300,"slug":301,"priority":302,"chapter_name":23},1629,"Evaluación cooperativa","evaluacion-cooperativa",50,{"id":304,"name":305,"slug":306,"priority":307,"chapter_name":23},1656,"Orientación psicopedagógica","orientacion-psicopedagogica",51,{"id":309,"name":310,"slug":311,"priority":312,"chapter_name":23},1672,"Rendimiento académico","rendimiento-academico",52,{"id":314,"name":315,"slug":316,"priority":317,"chapter_name":23},1676,"Evaluación diagnóstica","evaluacion-diagnostica",53,{"id":319,"name":320,"slug":321,"priority":322,"chapter_name":23},1700,"Educación pública","educacion-publica",54,{"id":324,"name":325,"slug":326,"priority":327,"chapter_name":23},1712,"Egresados","egresados",55,{"id":329,"name":330,"slug":331,"priority":332,"chapter_name":23},1713,"Horario lectivo","horario-lectivo",56,{"id":334,"name":335,"slug":336,"priority":337,"chapter_name":23},1737,"Zona de desarrollo próximo","zona-de-desarrollo-proximo",57,{"id":339,"name":340,"slug":341,"priority":342,"chapter_name":23},1753,"Déficit funcional","deficit-funcional",58,{"id":57,"name":58,"slug":59,"priority":344,"chapter_name":23},59,{"id":346,"name":347,"slug":348,"priority":349,"chapter_name":23},1835,"Coordinación externa (educación)","coordinacion-externa-educacion",60,{"id":351,"name":352,"slug":353,"priority":354,"chapter_name":23},1845,"Sistema educativo","sistema-educativo",61,{"id":37,"name":38,"slug":39,"priority":356,"chapter_name":23},62,{"id":358,"name":359,"slug":360,"priority":361,"chapter_name":23},1883,"Objeto material y objeto formal de la didáctica","objeto-material-y-objeto-formal-de-la-didactica",63,{"id":363,"name":364,"slug":365,"priority":366,"chapter_name":23},1886,"Aprendizaje pasivo (aprendizaje mecanicista)","aprendizaje-pasivo-aprendizaje-mecanicista",64,{"id":368,"name":369,"slug":370,"priority":371,"chapter_name":23},1891,"Conocimientos previos","conocimientos-previos-gD8",65,{"id":373,"name":374,"slug":375,"priority":376,"chapter_name":23},1915,"Contenidos actitudinales","contenidos-actitudinales",66,{"id":378,"name":379,"slug":380,"priority":381,"chapter_name":23},2042,"Aprendizaje activo","aprendizaje-activo",67,{"id":383,"name":384,"slug":385,"priority":386,"chapter_name":23},2134,"Curso académico (año académico)","curso-academico-ano-academico",68,{"id":388,"name":389,"slug":390,"priority":391,"chapter_name":23},2148,"Igualdad educativa","igualdad-educativa",69,{"id":393,"name":394,"slug":395,"priority":396,"chapter_name":23},2166,"Evaluación sumativa","evaluacion-sumativa",70,{"id":398,"name":399,"slug":400,"priority":401,"chapter_name":23},2193,"Enseñanza recíproca","ensenanza-reciproca",71,{"id":403,"name":404,"slug":405,"priority":406,"chapter_name":23},2214,"Entorno escolar","entorno-escolar",72,{"id":408,"name":409,"slug":410,"priority":411,"chapter_name":23},2243,"Magistrocentrismo","magistrocentrismo",73,{"id":413,"name":414,"slug":415,"priority":416,"chapter_name":23},2280,"Educación Básica Regular","educacion-basica-regular",74,{"id":418,"name":419,"slug":420,"priority":421,"chapter_name":23},2282,"Innovación educativa","innovacion-educativa",75,{"id":423,"name":424,"slug":425,"priority":426,"chapter_name":23},2337,"Educación gratuita","educacion-gratuita",76,{"id":428,"name":429,"slug":430,"priority":431,"chapter_name":23},2359,"Didáctica (definición)","didactica-definicion",77,{"id":433,"name":434,"slug":435,"priority":436,"chapter_name":23},2368,"Capacidades físicas","capacidades-fisicas",78,{"id":438,"name":439,"slug":440,"priority":441,"chapter_name":23},2370,"Disciplina escolar","disciplina-escolar",79,{"id":443,"name":444,"slug":445,"priority":446,"chapter_name":23},2526,"Comunidades de aprendizaje","comunidades-de-aprendizaje",80,{"id":448,"name":449,"slug":450,"priority":451,"chapter_name":23},2532,"Juego paralelo","juego-paralelo",81,{"id":453,"name":454,"slug":455,"priority":456,"chapter_name":23},2544,"Descriptores operativos","descriptores-operativos",82,{"id":52,"name":53,"slug":54,"priority":458,"chapter_name":23},83,{"id":460,"name":461,"slug":462,"priority":463,"chapter_name":23},2620,"Diversificación curricular","diversificacion-curricular",84,{"id":465,"name":466,"slug":467,"priority":468,"chapter_name":23},2675,"Bilingüismo transicional (bilingüismo de transición)","bilinguismo-transicional-bilinguismo-de-transicion",85,{"id":470,"name":471,"slug":472,"priority":64,"chapter_name":23},2785,"Evaluación idiográfica","evaluacion-idiografica",{"id":474,"name":475,"slug":476,"priority":477,"chapter_name":23},2853,"Necesidades 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